Steam-hammer for forging steel wheels



(No Model.)

J. A. PACER.

. STEAM HAMMER FOR PORGING STEEL WHEELS.

No. 414,109. Patented Oct. 29, 1889.

FIG. 1.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

JAMES A. FACER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-HAMMER FOR FORGING STEEL WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,109, dated October 29, 1889.

Application filed May 8, 1889. Serial No. 310,025. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES A. FACER, of Philadelphia, Philadelphia county, Pennsyh Vania, have invented an Improvement in Steam-Hammers for Forging Steel Wheels, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam-hammers for the purpose of forming wheels for cars; and it consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

More particularly my invention. relates to certain improvementsin the hammer and anvil dies of the steam-hammer for forging the blank into the finished car-wheel.

I'Ieretofore it has been customary to manufacture car-wheels by two processes, one of which consists in first casting the wheel of approximately the shape of the finished article and then subjecting the casting to a rolling action in a machine especially adapted to the purpose, and the other of which consists in casting the center of iron or steel and fitting thereto a steel tire which is forged into shape from a solid bloom by proper manipulation under a steam-h ammer and rolls. These processes have many objections, principally in the matter of expense or cost of manufacturing, and in the case of the first-mentioned process a lack of homogeneity and solidity in the cast metal of the finished wheel.

The object of my invention is to make a finished wheel from a solid bloom or ingot of steel by forging the ingot under heavy steamhammers having suitably-shaped dies. The car-wheel made in this manner is compact and homogeneous as to metal and possesses a hardened surface due to the forging process.

In carrying out my invention I employ suitable hammer and anvil dies to forge the surfaces of the flattened, rounded, and flanged blank into the finished shape. If desired, the rounding up and fianging of the blank may be performed upon the same hammer with the final forging; but in the present application I do not claim specifically the devices for rounding up and fianging the flattened blank or the process herein described, as they form subject-matter of other and pending appli== cations, Serial Nos. 310,026 and 310,027, filed May 8, 1889.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a steam-hammerembodying the principles of my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the same through the line X X of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the hammer-die detached from the hammer. Fig. 4 is a similar view of the anvil-die; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the blank, illusv retains the shape of the hole when the blank is being acted upon by the dies B and O.

In the drawings the anvil-die B is shown with a laterally-projecting part E and a lateral supporting part F, provided with grooves e and f, respectively, and the hammer-die with a projection D, having a curved under surface D, provided with a groove (1-. These parts are for the purpose of tapping or gently striking the blank placed in an upright position for the purpose of knocking off all scales and pieces of dirt, 850., before the blank is placed between the forging-dies B and 0. It may also be used for the purpose of rounding up and flan ging the flattened bloom before it is operated upon by the recessed dies A and B; but the parts are not essential to the present invention. They may be formed upon the dies of that hammer which is employed to flatten and punch the bloom, as is fully set out in another application of mine heretofore referred to. The advantage of forming these parts upon the dies B and O is, that the cleaning of the blank may be accomplished on the hammer before placing the blank in the forging-dies, as the presence of scales, ashes, or dirt upon the blank might interfere with the perfect-ion of the forging. It might also be used for rounding up and flanging the blank, so that this operation and the final forging might be accomplished upon one hammer into the exact and finished shape.

shown in 2, Fig. 5, is formed.

and at the same heat. Owing to the large diameter of the wheels and the consequent area of the dies surfaces, the parts D and E cannot be brought close enough to the center or line of action of the dies to prevent a strain upon the hammer when it is used for the heavy hammering necessary to forging, and for that reason I prefer to have the flattening, rounding up, flanging, and punching of the blooms performed by one hammerand the final forging process by another.

The operation of cleaning the blank requires comparatively slight hammering, so that there is no objection to performing it upon the same-hammer With the forging, though it is apparent that that is not necessary.

lVhile I prefer the particular details of construction here shown, it is apparent that they may be modified in many ways without departing from the principles of my invention, and are not, therefore, to be taken as limitations of it. It is apparent, also, that the dies B and C may be operated, if desired,

by hydraulic pressure for the purpose of forging the finished wheel.

The operation is as follows, employing the complete dies with the parts D, F, and E, as

shown: The flattened blank 1, Fig. 5, which has been formed from the ingot upon a hammer, is placed in an uprightposition against the face of the anvil-die B, supported by the parts E and F and the removable pin G. By the operation of the hammer and the turning of the blank the rounded and flanged blank The fianging is accomplished by the forcing up of the metal into the grooves cl, c, and f. This blank 2 is then placed upon the anvil-die B and forged by the recesses and diesI J into the finished shape shown in 3, Fig. 5. The blank 2 will be slightly smaller in diameter than the space between the dies B and 0 formed by the recesses I and J, and will be forged or pressed When the blank is rounded up, flanged, and punched upon another hammer and reheated before the flnishing forging, it is placed in an upright position against the face L of the anvildie and tapped or struck gently a few times by the projection D to remove the scales and clean it before it is placed in the recess I and forged or pressed into the finished shape.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam-hammer for forging Wheels, the combination of the hammer-die and anvildie having recessed surfaces corresponding to the shape of the sides of the finished wheel, a projection upon one side of said hammer-die, and supporting devices to support the blank in an upright position against the vertical face of the anvil-die and under the projection on the hammer-die, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a steam-hammer for forging Wheels, the combination of a hammer and an anvil die having their surfaces formed to correspond to the shape of the finished Wheel when .its front part with a projecting hammer part arranged above the support on the anvil-die and shaped to correspond to the tread and flange of the wheel.

4:. Dies for forging steel wheels, consisting of the combination of an anvil-die having a large depression or recessed portion upon itsface adapted to receive'the entire wheel-blank, including the flange, and a support in front and at a lower level than its face and formed to correspond to the tread of the wheel, including a groove for the flange, and also with a lateral 7 support for the wheel when resting upon the front supports, and removable pin or part detachably connected with the anvil-die opposite to the lateral support to hold the wheel-blank in position while being turned, in combination with a hammer-die formed with a small depression upon its face corresponding only to the side of the wheel and corresponding with the recessed portion in the anvil-die to shape the blank into a finished wheel.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

JAMES A. FAOER.

\Vitnesses:

S. T. YERKES, ERNEST HOWARD HUNTER. 

